Orthodontically induced root resorption: a clinical and radiographic survey

7 PReFACe 9 InTRODUCTIOn 11 General background 11 Root resorption as a factor induced by orthodontics 11 Prediction and diagnosis 17 Cone beam computed tomography 19 Methods to study root resorption 20 GeneRAL AIMS 23 Specific aims 23 MATeRIALS AnD MeTHODS 25 Study material (I, II) 25 Study patients (III, IV) 26 Radiographic examination 27 Statistical analysis 28 ReSULTS 29 Diagnosis, screening and treatment of root resorption in practices in Greece and Sweden (Study I) 29 Management of root resorption in a large orthodontic clinic (Study II) 34 Root resorption after six months of orthodontic treatment – relation to risk factors (Study III) 38 Root resorption at the end of orthodontic treatment – relation to risk factors (Study IV) 39 DISCUSSIOn 43 Comparison of diagnosis, screening and treatment between Greek and Swedish practitioners (Study I). 44 Management of root resorption (Study II) 45 Ethical consideration 46 Root resorption after six months of orthodontic treatment and its relation to risk factors (Study III). 47 Root resorption after six months and at the end of orthodontic treatment and its relation to risk factors (Study IV). 50 COnCLUSIOnS 53 Study I 53 Study II 53 Study III 54 Study IV 54 ReFeRenCeS 55 APPenDIX I 69 ACKnOWLeDGeMenTS 73 APPenDIX II 75 STUDY I 77 STUDY II 85 STUDY III 95 STUDY IV 103 Orthodontically induced root resorption.